Pontevedra, located in the southwestern part of Galicia, boasts a rich and varied ecology influenced by its temperate maritime climate, intricate coastline, and fertile river valleys.
The region's flora includes native trees such as oak (Quercus robur), chestnut (Castanea sativa), and Atlantic pine (Pinus pinaster), alongside diverse shrubs, ferns, and coastal plants that thrive in its forests, heathlands, and sandy dunes.
As is the case across all of Galicia, the proliferation of eucalyptus plantations, initially established for timber and paper production, has significantly impacted local ecosystems, displacing native species and reducing biodiversity.
Pontevedra's fauna is diverse, featuring mammals like otters, wild boar, and red deer, as well as a rich bird population that includes herons, cormorants, and various raptors. The estuaries of the Rías Baixas, particularly the Ría de Pontevedra, are crucial for marine and bird life, providing vital habitats for fish, shellfish, and migratory birds.
Inland, the Lérez and Umia rivers, along with their wetlands, support a variety of freshwater species, including trout and amphibians, and serve as important ecological corridors.
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